【大纪元2013年09月07日讯】（大纪元记者刘菲约巴林达报导）已故美国前总统尼克松在白宫的最后一批秘密录音资料日前公布上网。9月5日，大纪元走访了公开史料的尼克松图书馆。
据代理副馆长麦克‧达根（Mike Duggan）介绍，这批8月21日公开的录音覆盖时间是1973年4月9日至7月12日，共有94个录音带、340小时的谈话。内容大多是尼克松与下属和外国领导人讨论内务和外交，很多与冷战有关，包括尼克松和前苏联领导人勃列日涅夫之间的双峰会，还包括尼克松与新加坡前总理李光耀在白宫椭圆办公室就中国之崛起的讨论。和录音带同时发表的还有长达3万页的文字记录。
向李光耀请教对中共的看法
在尼克松录音带专家、美国国家档案馆与记录管理局（NARA）的主管档案管理员凯莉‧马克斯戴（Cary McStay）的协助下，大纪元获得了尼克松和李光耀在1973年4月10日进行的这段谈话的文字稿（英文附在文后），显示尼克松曾向李光耀请教他对中共未来发展方向的看法。李光耀当时认为：中美之间除了有个台湾没有真正的问题，中国有意与西方合作发展市场。中共的当务之急是苏联，美国虽然是“帝国主义侵略者”，但在中国人潜意识里，美国人是有良心的，俄国人是没良心的。
马克斯戴说，因工作量过于庞大，大部分录音没有听打文稿。她更鼓励人们以耐心和毅力亲自聆听这些对话。
个性隐秘多疑却设立自我监控系统
从1971年2月起，尼克松以个人记录为由命令下属在白宫椭圆办公室和内阁会议室等重要场所以及电话线上加装麦克风。据说尼克松个性隐秘且多疑，他却用“自我监控”系统，把自己私下的言行毫无保留地记录下来并最终曝光，给后人留下珍贵的史料，也可让公众一窥政治家的幕后操作。
尼克松并非首位记录白宫对话的美国总统，在他之前还有弗兰克‧罗斯福、艾森豪威尔和约翰‧肯尼迪等。不同的是，尼克松的记录系统是由语音自动启动的，而非手动按开关。
这些录音因1973年至1974年间发生的水门事件而名声大噪，被当时的白宫助手亚历山大‧巴特菲尔德在电视证词中公布于众。之前只有极少数的白宫雇员知道有这个录音系统的存在。
更多爆料
尼克松图书馆从1996年开始陆续公布这些录音，此次被称为是第五卷也是最后一批。除了700小时的录音带仍因国家安全和隐私原因继续保密外，尼克松录音带剩下的3千多小时已经全部公开。每次公开的录音都会有些惊人爆料。
此次公布的录音显示了尼克松为掩盖丑闻所做的种种努力，在1973年4月29日，尼克松就水门事件首次发表全国讲话的前一天，他熬夜打了一串电话，为进一步掩盖真相而布局。演讲中，尼克松将主要责任推给了下属，迫使两名白宫高级职员和司法部长辞职。当晚加州州长罗纳德‧里根、共和党全国委员会主席乔治‧布什等共和党人纷纷致电表示慰问和支持。
此外，录音还记录了一段尼克松与当时的国家安全顾问基辛格之间的谈话。尼克松在前一年刚刚访问了中国，和中共党魁毛泽东握手言欢，录音中尼克松又和基辛格探讨如何讨好周恩来——是邀请周恩来到联合国还是干脆来华盛顿访问。
录音带也包括尼克松与球王贝利等名人的谈话，并有涉及越南停战和平协议和战俘回归美国的内容。
尼克松图书馆代理副馆长达根欢迎有兴趣的公众到图书馆的研究室来聆听这些录音。公众也可以到图书馆网站http://www.nixonlibrary.gov/在线聆听。
震惊世界的水门事件
1972年，水门综合大厦的保安人员偶然发现美国民主党全国委员会总部被安装了窃听器，追查发现，其资金来源竟然是总统竞选连任委员会的政治捐款和经费，尼克松内阁许多高官和助手因此锒铛入狱，尼克松本人也在1974年8月9日黯然下台，成为迄今为止美国历史上唯一一位被迫辞职的总统。◇
附：美国前总统尼克松和新加坡前总理李光耀1973年4月10日在白宫椭圆办公室进行的一段有关中国的对话：
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Uh, you, you, you, you, you certainly have a better feeling for the PRC — China and so forth, China’s future and so forth. Uh, do you think we’re pursuing the correct policy with them? What do you anticipate in the future there in regards to that?
>> LEE KUAN YEW: I have always said, you know, it was long that America has the position to join issue with them because you’ve got no real issues. The Straits of Formosa was an unnatural, uh, boundary.
Uh, I think if Chou En-lai plus Mao live long enough to accept this line, as well accept for an active class, making friends with all the West, borrowing and buying technology –not from anyone, so that it can be switched off and they’re back where they started, as they were with the Russians in the late ’50s. But buying Boeings from Americans, buying [unintelligible] from the British — never mind all the complications, with all their different tools and parts and so on. They could have bought, uh, Boeing 737s to compliment the 707s. Why, why buy Chinese? But just spreading their sources,they’ll cultivate the Japanese, they’ll cultivate the West Europeans individually,collectively encourage the common market to grow stronger. Their main preoccupation is Russia. And, uh, do you want to know what I think about it?
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Oh, really.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Take second-strike capability, which will make them sleep well at nights. And that they’re really afraid of the Russians. But, deep down in every Chinaman’s heart, or his subconscious, he, he can berate the Americans as imperialist aggressors and so on, but he, he knows that the Americans are a people with a conscience. He also knows that the Russians have no conscience. So, he’s really under no illusions about this.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Yeah.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: That’s why they have to play very, very carefully and are not going to upset the Russians. Not going to give way and show weakness either. They’re digging all these tunnels and so on — You can do your worst.
>> PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON: Yeah, yeah.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Then you give up the next century to the Americans. If you engage us, by building up. And I think, once they reach this second-strike capability, then there is no possibility of pre-emption. And that’s a new phase, and that’s a new generation. And that’s about as far as we can look.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Oh, yeah. Well, you look around.
If you were sitting in Peking at the present time — I mean, from their viewpoint, from their standpoint.And I, and I say this without quoting anybody. But if I were a leader there, I would look around.And I would see forty or fifty Russian divisions along the border.To the South, I would see India with 500 hundred million people. They have contempt for India; they think they can just knock them down. And they’re right — they’re right in terms of what they could do to them militarily. But nevertheless, India, in their eyes, rapidly becoming a Soviet satellite
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Mm-hmm.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: because Indian, Indian arms are there.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Mm-hmm.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: That’s why the India-Pakistan thing worried them so much.
They look further around: Southeast Asia is a, is a mess. That’s why, that’s why their policy in Southeast Asia is probably –They would prefer not to have, uh, a, a, a North Vietnam in charge of the whole business. They would prefer to have, they — in fact, they talked to us in terms of four Chinese states right?
>> HENRY KISSINGER: Yes.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: The Chinese do. And then they look to the Northeast, Northwest — East, and they see Japan. And despite what Japan, uh, is doing at the present time toward peaceful directions, they know and respect the Japanese. Respect them and have reason also to fear what they’ve done. And then they look out, straight East, due East, at that wide, blue Pacific, and they see American Hawaii. Now, what friend do they have in that group? Us.
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