许其正:同舟共济

作者:许其正

2016年西子湾最后一次落日刚好碰到大船入港,景色壮观。(方金媛/大纪元)

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再没有比“共同海损”这个海商法上的名词,更能适切阐释“同舟共济”的真义了。

天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福,谁能保证在海上航行,船不碰到意外?譬如碰上海啸?譬如碰上暴风雨?譬如撞上暗礁?……

这时,船进水了。
这时,船向海底下沉了。
这时,船倾斜了。
这时,船陷于孤立无援了。
这时,满船是愁云惨雾和惊慌失措的脸孔了。

这时,该怎么办?

不要忧愁!不要惊慌失措!忧愁和惊慌失措更会把事情搞坏。
该想法补救。

船进水是由于船底破了,裂了,漏水了。那是很难补救得了的;没法度。总是堵不住。——在海上,临时哪里去找工具,找材料?缺少工具,缺少材料,又怎能堵得住?补救得了?

SOS,SOS……求救的讯号谁说没有发出去?早就发出去了,而且不断地发出去,现在仍在发出去:但是就是没有救援到来。

船依旧孤立无援……。

船进的水渐渐多了起来,渐渐向下沉,倾斜渐渐严重起来……。

难道就眼睁睁看着船沉没下去?包括满船的人,满船的忧愁和惊慌失措?……

赶紧减轻船的重量负担吧!船的重量负担减轻了,它不就会浮在海面上,不会沉没,以待救援了吗?

对了。就是这样!
那么,开始丢东西吧!

但是,丢谁的好?
“丢你的!”
“不行!”

“丢你的!”
“不行!为什么不丢你自己的?”

谁的都舍不得丢弃,那么,丢谁的好?难道不丢东西,丢人?

那怎么行?人比东西宝贵,当然要丢东西了,怎么能丢人?

对了!就是这个原则!以东西宝贵的程度和重量的大小为标准,最不宝贵、重量最大的先丢,然后次宝贵、重量次大的,依次类推,最宝贵,重量最轻的到最后才丢。

但是,最不宝贵、重量最大的东西的所有人,就活该吃亏,受最大损失?那是谁规定的?谁有这么大的权力来做这样的规定?

不是的。等大家都安全上岸了,计算大家损失的总数,然后大家共同负担。这就是共同海损。这就是同舟共济。这就是大家得以活存的最好办法。否则,大家谁都舍不得丢自己的东西,怕吃亏受损,那么大家便都要丢弃自己的生命了。

那么,大家还是同舟共济吧!在海上,在任何事情上……。

Sail on the same tack  HsuChiCheng

There is no term more than “general average” of maritime law suitable to expound “sail on the same tack”.

Accidence will happen. Who can guarantee the ship will not run into accidence while sailing on the sea? For instance, to run into tsunami, to meet with the rainstorm, to bump against the submerged reefs…

The ship is flood now.
The ship is sinking into the bottom of the sea now.
The ship is inclining now.
The ship is bogged down to live alone nobody else can help now.
The faces are lost in misery now and great panic now.

How will we do now?

Don’t worry! Don’t in great panic! It will do worst if you worry and in great panic.
You ought to try to repair.

The flood is owed to the bottom of the ship is broken, cracked, leaked. It’s difficult to repair, there is nothing to be done. It can’t to block. –Where to get tool and material temporarily on the sea? Lack of tool and material, how can you block it? How can you repair it?

SOS, SOS…Who said the message for help doesn’t send? It sent early, and sends incessantly, and sending till now; but there are not help to comes yet.

The ship is bogged down to live alone nobody else can help still…

The ship is flooding slowly, and sinking slowly, is more inclining now…

Could it be said that we see with open our eyes the ship be sunk down? Enclosed the person whole the ship, the worry and in misery and great panic whole the ship?

Hurry to reduce the weight of the bear of the ship! The bear of the weight of the ship is reduced, don’t it be float on the surface of the sea, will not sink, and wait for help?

All right! It’s it!
And then, try to throw the article!

But throw whose thing?
“Throw yours!”
“No!”

“Throw yours!”
“No! Why not throw yours?”

Whose thing is unwilling to throw, so that, is it the best to throw whose? Could it be said that don’t to throw the article, and throw person?

What can it be? Person is more value than the article, of course throw the article, how can we throw person?

All right! We follow this principle! The standard is the value and the weight, the worst and the most weight throw first, the next value and next weight to throw next, and so on, the most value and the thinnest throw the last.

However, is it ought to suffer and lost the person who posses the most the article of worst and most weight? Who prescribes it? Who has this great power to prescribe it?

No. After ashore safely, to count the sum of the lost, all will share. This is general average. This is sail on the same tack. This is the best means for reserve. If not, all are unwilling to throw the article, afraid of lost or be harm, then all will lost his life.

Then, we all had better to sail on the same tack! On the sea, on any matter…@

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