各位读者大家好：
以下这份世界人权宣言，是1948年12月10日在联合国大会上通过决议的普世法案，到2008年底恰好届满60周年。宣言一开头，即要求所有会员国，都应在无政治区别下，在各级学校传播、张贴、研读及解说其内容。
在此宣言届满一甲子、迈入下一甲子的特别日子里，特别刊登英语序文原文版，并加以作注讲解。读者们不仅可重温人类这一重要而珍贵的历史文件，同时也借此学习出自全世界最高机构的文件，其英文是如何表达的！
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1. proclaim: v. 宣布
2. historic act: v. 历史性法案
3. call upon: v.phr. 呼吁
4. disseminate: v. 传播
5. expound: v. 阐释
6. distinction: v. 区别
On December 10, 1948 the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights the full text of which appears in the following pages. Following this historic act the Assembly called upon all Member countries to publicize the text of the Declaration and “to cause it to be disseminated, displayed, read and expounded principally in schools and other educational institutions, without distinction based on the political status of countries or territories.”
1948年12月10日, 联合国大会采认世界人权宣言, 全文如后页。在此历史性法案后，大会请求所有会员国公布该宣言, 并 “在无政治的区别下, 在各级学校及教育机构里, 传播、张贴、研读及解说其内容。”
PREAMBLE序言
1. recognition: n. 承认
2. inherent: adj. 与生俱来的
3. dignity: n. 尊严
4. inalienable: adj. 不可剥夺的、不可让渡的
Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
鉴于对人类家庭所有成员的固有尊严及其平等的和不移的权利的承认, 乃是世界自由、正义及和平的基础,
1. disregard: n. 忽视
2. contempt: n. 轻蔑
3. barbarous: adj. 野蛮的
4. outrage: v. 凌辱、玷污
5. conscience: n. 良心
6. advent: n. 到来
7. aspiration: n. 愿望
Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
鉴于对人权的忽视及轻蔑已发展为野蛮暴行, 这些暴行玷污了人类的良心, 而一个人人享有言论和信仰自由并免于恐惧和匮乏的世界的来临, 已被宣布为普通人民的最高愿望,
1. essential: adj. 重要的、必要的
2. compel: v. 强迫
3. have recourse to : v.phr. 采用～为手段
4. as a last resort: phr. 最后一步
5. rebellion: n. 反叛
6. tyranny: n. 专制
7. oppression: n. 压迫
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,
鉴于为使人类不致迫不得已铤而走险, 对暴政和压迫进行反抗, 有必要使人权受法治的保护,
Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
鉴于有必要促进各国间友好关系的发展,
1. Charter: n. 宪章
2. reaffirm: n. 再次确认
3. fundamental: n. 基本的
4. determined: adj. 有决心的
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
鉴于联合国国家的人民已在联合国宪章中，重申他们对基本人权、人格尊严和价值以及男女平等权利的信心, 并决心促成较大自由中的社会进步和生活水平的改善,
1. pledge: v. 誓言
2. achieve: v. 达成
3. observance: n. 遵行
Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
鉴于各会员国都已誓愿同联合国合作, 以促进对人权和基本自由的普遍尊重和遵行,
Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,
鉴于对这些权利和自由的普遍了解, 对于这个誓愿的充分实现, 有很大的重要性,
Now, Therefore, The General Assembly Proclaims
因此, 现在, 大会宣告
1. strive: v. 努力
2. progressive measure: n. 渐进措施
3. secure: v. 获得
4. jurisdiction: n. 司法管辖
THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
这一世界人权宣言, 作为所有人民和所有国家努力实现的共同标准, 以期每一个人和社会机构经常铭念本宣言, 努力通过教诲和教育, 促进对权利和自由的尊重, 并通过国家的和国际的渐进措施, 使这些权利和自由在各会员国本身人民及在其管辖下领土的人民中, 得到普遍和有效的承认和遵行。
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