【大紀元2013年09月07日訊】（大紀元記者劉菲約巴林達報導）已故美國前總統尼克松在白宮的最後一批秘密錄音資料日前公布上網。9月5日，大紀元走訪了公開史料的尼克松圖書館。
據代理副館長麥克‧達根（Mike Duggan）介紹，這批8月21日公開的錄音覆蓋時間是1973年4月9日至7月12日，共有94個錄音帶、340小時的談話。內容大多是尼克松與下屬和外國領導人討論內務和外交，很多與冷戰有關，包括尼克松和前蘇聯領導人勃列日涅夫之間的雙峰會，還包括尼克松與新加坡前總理李光耀在白宮橢圓辦公室就中國之崛起的討論。和錄音帶同時發表的還有長達3萬頁的文字記錄。
向李光耀請教對中共的看法
在尼克松錄音帶專家、美國國家檔案館與記錄管理局（NARA）的主管檔案管理員凱莉‧馬克斯戴（Cary McStay）的協助下，大紀元獲得了尼克松和李光耀在1973年4月10日進行的這段談話的文字稿（英文附在文后），顯示尼克松曾向李光耀請教他對中共未來發展方向的看法。李光耀當時認為：中美之間除了有個臺灣沒有真正的問題，中國有意與西方合作發展市場。中共的當務之急是蘇聯，美國雖然是「帝國主義侵略者」，但在中國人潛意識裡，美國人是有良心的，俄國人是沒良心的。
馬克斯戴說，因工作量過於龐大，大部分錄音沒有聽打文稿。她更鼓勵人們以耐心和毅力親自聆聽這些對話。
個性隱秘多疑卻設立自我監控系統
從1971年2月起，尼克松以個人記錄為由命令下屬在白宮橢圓辦公室和內閣會議室等重要場所以及電話線上加裝麥克風。據說尼克松個性隱秘且多疑，他卻用「自我監控」系統，把自己私下的言行毫無保留地記錄下來並最終曝光，給後人留下珍貴的史料，也可讓公眾一窺政治家的幕後操作。
尼克松並非首位記錄白宮對話的美國總統，在他之前還有弗蘭克‧羅斯福、艾森豪威爾和約翰‧肯尼迪等。不同的是，尼克松的記錄系統是由語音自動啟動的，而非手動按開關。
這些錄音因1973年至1974年間發生的水門事件而名聲大噪，被當時的白宮助手亞歷山大‧巴特菲爾德在電視證詞中公布於眾。之前只有極少數的白宮僱員知道有這個錄音系統的存在。
更多爆料
尼克松圖書館從1996年開始陸續公布這些錄音，此次被稱為是第五卷也是最後一批。除了700小時的錄音帶仍因國家安全和隱私原因繼續保密外，尼克松錄音帶剩下的3千多小時已經全部公開。每次公開的錄音都會有些驚人爆料。
此次公布的錄音顯示了尼克松為掩蓋醜聞所做的種種努力，在1973年4月29日，尼克松就水門事件首次發表全國講話的前一天，他熬夜打了一串電話，為進一步掩蓋真相而佈局。演講中，尼克松將主要責任推給了下屬，迫使兩名白宮高級職員和司法部長辭職。當晚加州州長羅納德‧里根、共和黨全國委員會主席喬治‧布什等共和黨人紛紛致電表示慰問和支持。
此外，錄音還記錄了一段尼克松與當時的國家安全顧問基辛格之間的談話。尼克松在前一年剛剛訪問了中國，和中共黨魁毛澤東握手言歡，錄音中尼克松又和基辛格探討如何討好周恩來——是邀請周恩來到聯合國還是乾脆來華盛頓訪問。
錄音帶也包括尼克松與球王貝利等名人的談話，並有涉及越南停戰和平協議和戰俘回歸美國的內容。
尼克松圖書館代理副館長達根歡迎有興趣的公眾到圖書館的研究室來聆聽這些錄音。公眾也可以到圖書館網站http://www.nixonlibrary.gov/在線聆聽。
震驚世界的水門事件
1972年，水門綜合大廈的保安人員偶然發現美國民主黨全國委員會總部被安裝了竊聽器，追查發現，其資金來源竟然是總統競選連任委員會的政治捐款和經費，尼克松內閣許多高官和助手因此鋃鐺入獄，尼克松本人也在1974年8月9日黯然下臺，成為迄今為止美國歷史上唯一一位被迫辭職的總統。◇
附：美國前總統尼克松和新加坡前總理李光耀1973年4月10日在白宮橢圓辦公室進行的一段有關中國的對話：
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Uh, you, you, you, you, you certainly have a better feeling for the PRC — China and so forth, China’s future and so forth. Uh, do you think we’re pursuing the correct policy with them? What do you anticipate in the future there in regards to that?
>> LEE KUAN YEW: I have always said, you know, it was long that America has the position to join issue with them because you’ve got no real issues. The Straits of Formosa was an unnatural, uh, boundary.
Uh, I think if Chou En-lai plus Mao live long enough to accept this line, as well accept for an active class, making friends with all the West, borrowing and buying technology –not from anyone, so that it can be switched off and they’re back where they started, as they were with the Russians in the late ’50s. But buying Boeings from Americans, buying [unintelligible] from the British — never mind all the complications, with all their different tools and parts and so on. They could have bought, uh, Boeing 737s to compliment the 707s. Why, why buy Chinese? But just spreading their sources,they’ll cultivate the Japanese, they’ll cultivate the West Europeans individually,collectively encourage the common market to grow stronger. Their main preoccupation is Russia. And, uh, do you want to know what I think about it?
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Oh, really.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Take second-strike capability, which will make them sleep well at nights. And that they’re really afraid of the Russians. But, deep down in every Chinaman’s heart, or his subconscious, he, he can berate the Americans as imperialist aggressors and so on, but he, he knows that the Americans are a people with a conscience. He also knows that the Russians have no conscience. So, he’s really under no illusions about this.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Yeah.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: That’s why they have to play very, very carefully and are not going to upset the Russians. Not going to give way and show weakness either. They’re digging all these tunnels and so on — You can do your worst.
>> PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON: Yeah, yeah.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Then you give up the next century to the Americans. If you engage us, by building up. And I think, once they reach this second-strike capability, then there is no possibility of pre-emption. And that’s a new phase, and that’s a new generation. And that’s about as far as we can look.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: Oh, yeah. Well, you look around.
If you were sitting in Peking at the present time — I mean, from their viewpoint, from their standpoint.And I, and I say this without quoting anybody. But if I were a leader there, I would look around.And I would see forty or fifty Russian divisions along the border.To the South, I would see India with 500 hundred million people. They have contempt for India; they think they can just knock them down. And they’re right — they’re right in terms of what they could do to them militarily. But nevertheless, India, in their eyes, rapidly becoming a Soviet satellite
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Mm-hmm.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: because Indian, Indian arms are there.
>> LEE KUAN YEW: Mm-hmm.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: That’s why the India-Pakistan thing worried them so much.
They look further around: Southeast Asia is a, is a mess. That’s why, that’s why their policy in Southeast Asia is probably –They would prefer not to have, uh, a, a, a North Vietnam in charge of the whole business. They would prefer to have, they — in fact, they talked to us in terms of four Chinese states right?
>> HENRY KISSINGER: Yes.
>> PRESIDENT NIXON: The Chinese do. And then they look to the Northeast, Northwest — East, and they see Japan. And despite what Japan, uh, is doing at the present time toward peaceful directions, they know and respect the Japanese. Respect them and have reason also to fear what they’ve done. And then they look out, straight East, due East, at that wide, blue Pacific, and they see American Hawaii. Now, what friend do they have in that group? Us.
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